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Are These Recession Indicators Broken?
At the conclusion of their July 26 ’23, meeting, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) voted to raise the target range of the federal funds rate by 25 basis points to 5.25% to 5.50%. The S&P 500 traded around 4,000 points at the time – some 16% off its ~4800 January high. Markets had reason to be worried… Investors had not seen the Fed this aggressive at any time in the past 40 years… and conditions seemed ripe for a recession. What’s more, most widely cited indicators suggested this was a likely outcome. However, it didn’t happen? Why not? Are popular recession indicators no longer relevant?
“Heads I Win and Tails You Lose”
After almost three decades at this game – something you learn is not to fight the tape. Trade against momentum at your own peril. Consider the news today… it was both bad and good. I will start with the (perceived) ‘good’. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) was slightly cooler than expected. And whilst it’s still a long way above the Fed’s target of 2.0% – the market was thrilled it was only up 0.3% MoM and 3.4% YoY. Bond yields plunged and stocks ripped. Sure… 3.4% isn’t great… but that’s Main Street’s problem… Wall Street doesn’t care. However, the bad news was retail sales plunged. But wait a minute – that’s also “good news” – as it could mean a more accommodative Fed. Heads I win and tails you lose.
For Now… Bad News is Still Good News
Never confuse the stock market for the economy. They are two very different things. And whilst there are times when the two will trade in unison – there are also plenty of occasions when they diverge. Now is possibly the latter. For example, this week we had a plethora of ‘less than positive’ economic news. But it didn’t stop the market surging back to near record highs. Why? Every bit of bad (or soft) economic news is a step closer for the Fed to lower rates.
Are Commodities Telling Us Something?
Forecasting things like (not limited to) GDP growth, unemployment and inflation is tricky business. Very few get it consistently right (especially policy makers). And whilst macro forecasting is generally a fool’s errand – there are things we can observe to improve our probabilities of success (or at least reduce our risk). Consider inflation… whilst not perfect – there are a set of reasonably strong correlations which exist over extended periods. And it’s these types of correlations we can use to our advantage.As I will demonstrate – over the past 5 decades (after the US dollar removed its peg to gold in 1971) – inflation levels have largely correlated to what we see with commodity prices.